How acidic are corroles and why?

The pH-dependent absorption and emission spectra of the water-soluble 2,17-disulphonato-5,10,15-tris(pentafluorophenyl)corrole revealed that its inner-core nitrogen atoms can be both protonated and deprotonated, with acidity constants of 2.5 and 5.2, respectively. An analysis of the structural features of free-base corroles suggests that the quite limited pH range at which corroles remain neutral is reminiscent of the instability of mono-protonated porphyrins.     

Syntheses, Spectral Studies and Bioanalyses of Some Triorganotin(Ⅳ) Complexes of Cephlaxine

Five novel triorganotin(Ⅳ) complexes have been synthesized by refluxing trimethyl, triethyl, tributyl, triphenyl and tribenzyltin chloride with Cephlaxine.These compounds were characterized by spectroscopic (IR,1H, 13C, 119Sn NMR) techniques and elemental analysis.The results obtained through these techniques are in full agreement with the proposed 1:1 stoichiometry.The synthesized compounds were than tested against various microorganisms and fungi.The results of new products obtained showed that the triphenyltin(IV) complex displayed promising activity against all types of bacteria and fungi used while all other compounds showed significant antibacterial and antifungal activity.     

Effect of enzymatic interesterification on melting point of palm olein

Immobilized PS-C ‘Amano’ II lipase was used to catalyze the interesterification of palm olein (POo) with 30, 50, and 70% stearic acid in n-hexane at 60°C. The catalytic performance of the immobilized lipase was evaluated by determining the composition change of fatty acyl groups and triacylglycerol (TAG) by gas liquid chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography, respectively. The interesterification process resulted in the formation of new TAGs, mainly tripalmitin and dipalmitostearin, both of which were absent in the original oil. These changes in TAG composition resulted in an increase in slip melting point, from the original 25.5°C to 36.3, 37.0, and 40.0°C in the modified POo with 30, 50, and 70% stearic acid, respectively. All the reactions attained steady state in about 6 h. This type of work will find great applications in food industries, such as confectionery.     

Multidesigns for Graph-Pairs of Order 4 and 5

The graph decomposition problem is well known. We say a subgraph G divides K _m if the edges of K _m can be partitioned into copies of G. Such a partition is called a G-decomposition or G-design. The graph multidecomposition problem is a variation of the above. By a graph-pair of order t, we mean two non-isomorphic graphs G and H on t non-isolated vertices for which GHK _t for some integer t4. Given a graph-pair (G,H), if the edges of K _m can be partitioned into copies of G and H with at least one copy of G and one copy of H, we say (G,H) divides K _m . We will refer to this partition as a (G,H)-multidecomposition. In this paper, we consider the existence of multidecompositions for several graph-pairs. For the pairs (G,H) which satisfy GHK ₄ or K ₅, we completely determine the values of m for which K _m admits a (G,H)-multidecomposition. When K _m does not admit a (G,H)-multidecomposition, we instead find a maximum multipacking and a minimum multicovering. A multidesign is a multidecomposition, a maximum multipacking, or a minimum multicovering.     

壳聚糖改性磁性碳基吸附剂的制备及其对水中Cr(Ⅲ)-EDTA的吸附机理

利用二茂铁制备磁性碳基材料(Fe_3O_4@C),通过壳聚糖(CS)功能化,制备CS改性Fe_3O_4@C复合吸附材料(Fe_3O_4@C-CS)。利用红外光谱(FTIR)、X射线衍射(XRD)、振动样品磁强计(VSM)、热重分析(TGA)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等对Fe_3O_4@C-CS表征分析,并通过改变浓度、温度、时间、pH和阳离子等条件系统研究对水中已配位的三价铬(Cr(Ⅲ)-EDTA)的吸附性能。结果表明Fe_3O_4@C已经成功被CS功能化,在pH=4.0、反应温度25℃、投加量0.4 g·L~(-1)时,吸附等温线符合Langmuir模型,理论最大吸附量为12.63 mg·g~(-1),吸附动力学符合拟二级动力学模型,吸附行为是自发进行的吸热过程。结合吸附实验结果和XPS表征分析,静电吸附和配位作用是Fe_3O_4@C-CS吸附剂去除水中Cr(Ⅲ)-EDTA的主要机制。4次吸附-脱附循环后,Fe_3O_4@C-CS对水中Cr(Ⅲ)-EDTA仍具有较高的吸附效率。     

Antimicrobial and inhibition on heat-induced protein denaturation of constituents isolated from Polygonatum verticillatum rhizomes

This study was designed to assess the susceptibility of various microorganisms and inhibition on heat-induced protein denaturation against diosgenin and santonin, isolated from Polygonatum verticillatum rhizomes. Both diosgenin and santonin showed significant zone of inhibition when studied against various Gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis) and Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi). In antifungal assay, only santonin exhibited profound sensitivity against various fungi (Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Trichoderma harzianum and Fusarium oxysporum) used in the test. Both diosgenin and santonin also exhibited marked attenuation on heat-induced protein denaturation in a concentration-dependent manner with EC₅₀ values of 375 and 310 μg/mL, respectively. In conclusion, both the isolated compounds have antimicrobial potential supported by strong inhibition on protein denaturation and thus support the antimicrobial uses of plant in traditional system of treatment.     

Preparation of antifog and antibacterial coatings by photopolymerization

This paper contains a kind of ultraviolet‐cured antifogging and antibacterial coating. A quaternary ammonium salt (14QAS), which was synthesized in this paper, has been implemented as a monomer. The chemical structure of 14QAS has been confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance. The nitrogen atom on the surface of the coatings with 14QAS was observed by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The Surface wettability of the polymer film was studied by contact angle analysis, which confirmed the hydrophilicity of the coatings with low water contact angle (~25°). The antifog properties were evaluated under different conditions. The antibacterial activity of coatings with 14QAS reached 99.9% against S. aureus and E. coli. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Molybdenum(0) and Tungsten(0) Complexes with P,S and P,Se Monooxidized Bis(phosphanyl)amine Ligands

Reactions of monooxidized thioyl and selenoyl bis(phosphanyl)amine ligands C₁₀H₇‐1‐N(P(E)Ph₂)(PPh₂) [E = S ( 1 ), Se ( 2 )] with Mo(CO)₄(pip)₂ and W(CO)₄(cod) afforded the complexes [M(CO)₄{ 1 ‐κ²P,S}] [M = Mo ( 3 ), W ( 4 )] and [M(CO)₄{ 2 ‐κ²P,Se}] [M = Mo ( 5 ), W ( 6 )]. Complexes 3 – 6 were characterized by multinuclear NMR (¹H, ¹³C, ³¹P, and ⁷⁷Se NMR) and IR spectroscopy. Crystal‐structure determinations were carried out on 3 , 5 , and 6 , which represent the first examples of structurally characterized complexes of such ligands with group‐6 metal carbonyls.     

Fixed-Dose Combination Antibiotics Interacting with a Quaternary Ammonium Disinfectant: Insights from Spectral and Chromatographic Measurements

Core–shell architecture of surfactant micelles can act to shield active drug molecules from the adverse environmental conditions and enhance their bioavailability. In the present study the molecular interactions of a fixed dose combination (FDC) containing ofloxacin (OFX) and ornidazole (ORN), with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB, a quaternary ammonium surfactant) were investigated under normal physiological pH (pH 7.4?±?0.1). The impact of the cationic micelle on the spectral and physiochemical properties of the FDC components OFX and ORN was systematically examined by electronic spectroscopy. Micellar liquid chromatography and differential spectral methods were used to optimize analysis of the magnitude of binding constants and related Gibbs energies. The results suggest the potential solubilization of drugs in the external part of the micelles, which may prove to be more helpful for their controlled release. These outcomes have been verified by the binding capacities of drug–CTAB combinational system that may be helpful to customize the uptake of drug molecules in cells.     

Removal of rain in video based on motion and shape characteristics of raindrops

Rain degrades the performance of the outdoor computer vision system, which adversely impacts tracking, object detection and recognition. To solve this problem, a novel rain detection and removal method is proposed in this paper. Firstly, raindrops are considered as the motion component and extracted by FastICA algorithm. Secondly, raindrops are identified based on its properties of area, direction and width. Finally, a two-step removal method is proposed to replace pixels covered by rain with estimated background pixels. Experimental results show that the algorithm can effectively remove the raindrops in various videos. Compared with traditional rain removal methods, it does not require any parameters about rain, camera and scenes, and only needs three successive frames to recover a raindrops free video.